PUBLICATION V88
Stromal Corneal Ulcer in Small Animals FAQs
If you have questions about this resource, contact the College of Veterinary Medicine.
Summary
Stromal corneal ulcers in small animals are deeper and more serious corneal injuries involving the stroma beneath the surface epithelium. Unlike simple superficial ulcers that usually heal within 5–7 days, stromal ulcers are often infected and can worsen rapidly due to bacteria producing enzymes that break down the cornea (“melting” ulcers). A fluorescein stain is used for diagnosis, and affected pets typically show pain, squinting, tearing, and eye redness. Treatment requires intensive, frequent topical antibiotics and serum therapy, along with pain control and strict use of an Elizabethan collar to prevent rupture. Healing may take 3–8 weeks. Surgery is recommended for very deep ulcers (over 80% thickness), rapidly progressing ulcers, descemetoceles, or those at risk of rupture. Prompt treatment is critical to preserve the eye and vision.
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