PUBLICATION V77
Canine & Feline Hypertensive Retinopathy FAQs
If you have questions about this resource, contact the College of Veterinary Medicine.
Summary
Canine and feline hypertensive retinopathy is a vision‑threatening condition caused by systemic high blood pressure. The retina contains many delicate blood vessels that are easily damaged when blood pressure rises above about 160–180 mmHg. Chronic hypertension can cause these vessels to leak or rupture, leading to fluid accumulation or bleeding under the retina. This may result in partial or complete retinal detachment and sudden vision loss. High blood pressure in pets is usually secondary to underlying diseases such as kidney disease, hyperthyroidism (cats), diabetes, Cushing’s disease, or adrenal tumors (dogs). Many pets show no outward signs until blindness occurs. Diagnosis involves careful blood pressure monitoring and eye examinations. Treatment focuses on lifelong blood pressure control with medication and management of underlying disease, with vision recovery depending on severity and duration of damage.
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