PUBLICATION V78
Iodine 131 Therapy
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Summary
Iodine‑131 (radioiodine) therapy is a highly effective treatment for feline hyperthyroidism. Most affected cats develop hyperthyroidism due to overactive thyroid tissue, though a small number have thyroid cancer. Radioiodine works by selectively destroying abnormal thyroid tissue after being absorbed by the gland, often restoring normal thyroid function with a single treatment. Cats receiving therapy must be hospitalized and isolated for radiation safety, typically for 6–10 days, with a total stay of about 8–14 days. Visitation is not allowed during this period. Prior anti‑thyroid medications may need to be stopped before treatment. A thorough pre‑treatment evaluation includes bloodwork, imaging, kidney assessment, and a thyroid scan. After discharge, minimal radiation remains, so short‑term contact precautions are required at home. Most cats recover well, though rare cases may develop hypothyroidism or require further treatment if cancer is present.
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