Summary

This publication reviews the feed management and diet formulation options available to U.S. swine producers to reduce nitrogen excretion in manure, summarizes the reductions reported in the peer-reviewed literature, and identifies the practices that are already in routine commercial use. Applied together, feed formulation and feed management strategies can reduce swine manure nitrogen by 20 to 40 percent relative to diets formulated to total crude protein with wide safety margins and traditional feed management methods.