Summary

Fleas are common biting insects that infest animals and homes, reproduce rapidly, can transmit tapeworms, and may carry diseases transmissible to humans. Some pets are allergic to flea saliva, leading to intense itching, scratching, hair loss, and hot spots, commonly around the lower back and groin. Effective treatment requires complete, year‑round elimination of fleas from all animals in the household using properly timed topical, oral, or collar medications. Environmental control is often necessary and may include professional or do‑it‑yourself home treatments with adulticides and insect growth regulators, along with consistent vacuuming and, in severe cases, yard treatment.